If you are looking for BSW-130 IGNOU Solved Assignment solution for the subject Prevention of Substance Abuse, you have come to the right place. BSW-130 solution on this page applies to 2022-23 session students studying in BSWG courses of IGNOU.
BSW-130 Solved Assignment Solution by Gyaniversity
Assignment Code: BSW-130/TMA/2022-23
Course Code: BSW-130
Assignment Name: Prevention of Substance Abuse
Year: 2022-2023
Verification Status: Verified by Professor
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Answer any five of the following questions in about 300 words each. 20x5
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Q1) Why do people abuse drugs?
Ans) All people are unique. So, they have many motivations for using or abusing drugs. It is challenging to pinpoint the precise causes of drug misuse. Whatever the cause, drug misuse is bad for the person abusing it, their family, and society as a whole. A drug addict is a person who uses drugs while being aware that they are killing them. He is powerless to stop it. People utilise drugs because they are delighted when they do so. There are a few additional causes of drug misuse.
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Peer Pressure: Peer pressure is the term for these influences on our behaviour and thought processes. Teenagers are more self-conscious about what their peers think of them. Even though they believe they are experts in everything, they actually know very little about reality and the facts of the world.
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Curiosity: An impulse is to be curious. It enables us to look for and comprehend unfamiliar concepts. Curiosity affects both young and old people, although the younger generation is more affected.
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Ignorance: The general public frequently receives incorrect information regarding medications and their effects. Only a small portion of factual knowledge has been effectively communicated by governments, scientists, professionals, and others. Drug use has become more widespread globally, which has led to the growth of falsehoods and the defamation of facts.
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Alienation: A person may experience alienation if they feel excluded from the community or society in which they live or work. People appear to need to feel like they belong to something, whether it's a family, a tribe, a town, or a nation. When someone does not feel like they belong to one of these groups, they will try anything to fit in.
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Changing Social Structure: A society is constantly evolving. Sometimes the rate of change is so rapid that none of the members can keep up. Sometimes changes are detrimental. They will seek to the world of drugs for solace and assistance when the society that served as their support system changes and they are unable to adjust.
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Urbanization and Unemployment: Like in many other countries, a big number of individuals from the rural migrate to the city in India in quest of employment. These people frequently deal with numerous issues. They are entering a completely new setting, which they find challenging to comprehend and adapt to.
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Q2) How does drug abuse affect tribal communities?
Ans) There are an estimated 300 million indigenous people in the globe today, spread over more than 70 nations. Because they inhabited their areas before traders from other places arrived, they are referred to as indigenous or aboriginal peoples. They range from hunters and gatherers living in inhospitable rainforests to business leaders in the world's most renowned financial centres, therefore there is a significant deal of cultural, ethnic, linguistic, and religious variation among them.
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The usage of psychoactive substances is a tradition shared by the majority of indigenous cultures. They have discovered throughout the years that many of the naturally occurring compounds in their environment have psychedelic effects. They are frequently highly prized for their therapeutic and nutritive qualities as well as for their usage in religious rituals.
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Communities throughout Central and South America have traditionally employed hallucinogens, such as specific kinds of mushrooms and the cactus peyote, to access the spirit realm and for initiation rituals. Opium has a long history of use in Asia for both relaxation and as a medication to treat gastrointestinal issues and chronic pain. Cannabis fermented beverages are frequently consumed in Africa and are a natural part of the lifestyle of several indigenous people.
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Traditional psychotropic drug usage has been regulated within civilizations by rigid taboos and limits. However, many other communities have seen their cultures collapse due to assimilation and the integration programmes of dominant ethnic groups, whereas several communities have retained their traditional practises due to their remoteness from the rest of the world. Communities of tribes appear to be more susceptible to drug misuse. This is evident from the fact that Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland have the highest reported rates of drug misuse.
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Alcoholism is a fairly common problem among the people of the numerous Adivasi tribal populations in Central India. There are various causes. Children in tribal groups are given more freedom. The indigenous settlements, which have hitherto been cut off from the rest of the country, are going through a shift. They are abruptly exposed to new value systems as a result of improved communication and transportation facilities. Their own moral codes and social restrictions are no more effective in preserving society.
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The Northeastern States are home to the tribal communities that are most impacted. Most of them border Myanmar, the region that produces drugs. The opium-producing regions of Madhya Pradesh are also connected to numerous tribal populations in central India. In the tribal areas of Northeast India, there has been a noticeable increase in the population of addicts. The problem is acute because of the proximity to drug production locations as well as the unexpected exposure to foreign cultures and values. The escalation of terrorism, where drug trafficking and the armaments trade coexist, is another factor.
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Q3) Describe the impact of drug abuse on interpersonal relationships.
Ans) Relationships can be both social and intimate. Drug misuse has an effect not only on the individual but also on the social level. They cause issues in families as well. Some of the most significant effects of drug usage include economic instability, domestic violence, external societal violence, and child maltreatment. The connection between familial variables and drug misuse is nuanced. While it is true that drug usage results in shattered families, it is also true that dysfunctional families are one of the primary causes of addiction.
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People with emotional disturbances turn to medications to help them cope. They are unable to handle the challenges that develop in their lives because of their own mental makeup. Dealing with issues relating to interpersonal interactions requires a more tranquil mentality. Instead of making the problem easier to solve, medicines just exacerbate it. To support his drug habit, the addicted person frequently avoids spending time with friends and family.
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Plans get derailed as a result, and there are fights, disagreements, and rising animosity as a result. Relationships and friendships suffer as a result of the addict's emotional distance and withdrawal as he tries to avoid anyone interfering with his drug use. Because the addict breaks promises and becomes unreliable, mistrust increases. No partnership can flourish in an atmosphere of mistrust. The addict is also in desperate need of emotional assistance. He would also use coercion, lying, and cheating to obtain this.
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Psychological Changes
Drugs are used to improve one's mood. In the beginning, drugs improve a person's mood. He has less anxiety and anxieties, and he is more self-assured. He gets to the point where he needs to consume drugs in order to feel normal as a result of his prolonged drug use. At this point, he can no longer enjoy doing drugs. At this point, the person simply uses narcotics to numb pain. Non-users frequently misunderstand this stage. Contrary to appearances, an addict does not like using drugs at all; instead, he utilises them as a means of coping with his inability to stop using them.
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Drug usage has been linked to emotional problems as well. A person may be unable to manage their emotional problems even before becoming an addict. He now has more mood swings, personality changes, and compulsive emotions of guilt, inferiority, rage, and loneliness as a result of his drug usage. He will grow apathetic and unconcerned with the world as his addiction progresses to an advanced degree.
The central nervous system is impacted by drugs. His cognitive and reasoning processes are affected by this. Continuous use damages a person's perception of himself. He will become less objective about himself and more perplexed about the world around him.
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Q4) Explain the scope of the NDPS Act, 1985.
Ans) A person is not allowed to produce, manufacture, cultivate, possess, sell, buy, transport, store, or use any narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, according to the NDPS Act.
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1) The Act was first passed in 1985 and has since undergone three amendments in 1988, 2001, and 2014.
2) The Act defines psychotropic substances as any natural or synthetic substance, as well as any salt or preparation covered by the Psychotropic Substances Convention of 1971. Narcotic drugs are defined as coca leaf, cannabis, opium, and poppy straw.
3) Any substance that is natural, synthetic, or salt- or preparation-protected by the Psychotropic Substances Convention of 1971 is considered a psychotropic drug.
4) Given the negative effects of drug misuse and drug trafficking, the penalties under this Act are harsh.
a) Depending on the crime, the Act's offences carry fines and prison sentences ranging from one year to twenty years.
b) According to the Act, aiding and abetting, criminal conspiring, and even attempting to commit an offence result in the same punishment as the actual offence.
c) The punishment for planning to commit an offence is half the normal amount.
d) Repeat offences result in a punishment increase of one and a half times, and in some circumstances, the death penalty.
5) The NDPS Act's restrictions led to the establishment of the Narcotics Control Bureau in 1986.
a) The NCB is a nodal agency in charge of coordinating with various ministries, other offices, and State/Central enforcement authorities with regard to concerns including drug misuse and drug law enforcement.
6) According to the Act, the government may seize, freeze, and forfeit property obtained by a person convicted under the Act of drug-related offences.
7) All offences covered by the NDPS Act are not subject to bail.
8) Additionally, drug offenders are not eligible for relief through the termination, remission, or commutation of their sentences.
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Q5) Briefly describe psychodynamic treatment modalities.
Ans) Psychotherapy is "an interpersonal process aimed to bring about adjustments of feelings, attitudes, and behaviours which have proven troublesome to the person seeking help from a qualified professional," according to a brief but helpful definition. There are many different theoretical perspectives in modern psychotherapy. Psychotherapy can be provided in a variety of settings, including individual sessions, groups of unrelated people, and groups of family members.
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The following discusses the various formats:
Individual Psychotherapy: In recent years, individual psychotherapy has not been seen as a key component of the care of those suffering from alcohol and drug addiction. The history of failure in using psychoanalytically oriented methods, which saw alcohol and drug abuse as symptoms of underlying pathology and attempted to resolve the underlying conflict through the use of interpretations and the development of insight, is the reason this approach is not supported.
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Group Psychotherapy: Group psychotherapy, as opposed to individual psychotherapy, is one of the most often employed psychotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of alcohol and drug addiction. Most basic and comprehensive rehabilitation programmes employ group therapy. Rarely is group therapy used as a stand-alone treatment. Group therapy is provided alongside alcohol and drug education, a referral to Alcoholics Anonymous, and various supportive activities, just like with individual psychotherapy.
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Group Dynamics: In addition to group psychotherapy, organised programmes frequently perform additional elements of the entire treatment programmes using the group dynamics concepts. These elements can include informational organisations that disseminate data regarding the physiological effects of alcohol. The number and makeup of educational groups vary. The most typical structure involves presenting information to a large audience via lectures, movies, and videotapes, followed by a discussion time with the aim of both clarifying and amplifying the factual information and removing misunderstandings and emotional reactions.
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Activity Groups: Another popular kind of group psychotherapy used in structured programmes is called an activity group, which is centred around a particular recreational activity. Participation in activity groups has three main goals; to learn and practise alternative recreational activities that will eventually replace drinking; to get familiar with community resources; and to gain social skills by interacting with others in sober environments. Community gatherings or ward management meetings are frequently used in organised programmes as venues for group therapy.
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