Assignment Code: BTME-141/TMA/2022-23

Course Code: BTME-141

Assignment Name: Tourism Undertaking

Year: 2022-2023

Verification Status: Verified by Professor

Assignment A

Answer the following in about 500 words each.

Q1) Elaborate on different types of transportation that are significant in tourism.

Ans) Transportation is a crucial component of tourism, as it plays a significant role in connecting different tourist destinations and facilitating the movement of tourists. There are various modes of transportation that are used in the tourism industry, each with its unique features and benefits. The different types of transportation that are significant in tourism.

1. Air Transportation: Air transportation is one of the fastest and most efficient modes of transportation used in the tourism industry. It is the preferred mode of transportation for long-distance travel and intercontinental travel. Air transportation has made it easier for tourists to explore different parts of the world without having to spend days or weeks traveling. Airplanes are designed to accommodate many passengers and are equipped with in-flight entertainment, food, and beverage services to make the journey comfortable.

2. Road Transportation: Road transportation is another popular mode of transportation in the tourism industry. It includes cars, buses, and coaches. Road transportation is suitable for short and medium-distance travel, and it is the preferred mode of transportation for tourists who want to explore different destinations within a region. Road transportation offers the flexibility of stopping at different tourist attractions and taking in the scenery along the way.

3. Rail Transportation: Rail transportation is an eco-friendly and comfortable mode of transportation used in the tourism industry. It is suitable for both short and long-distance travel, and it provides tourists with a unique experience of exploring different destinations. Rail transportation offers a comfortable and relaxing journey, with comfortable seating, food and beverage services, and panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes.

4. Water Transportation: Water transportation is a unique mode of transportation used in the tourism industry. It includes cruises, ferries, and boats. Water transportation is suitable for exploring different coastal destinations and islands. It provides tourists with a unique experience of traveling on water and taking in the scenic views of the surrounding landscapes. Water transportation is equipped with amenities such as restaurants, swimming pools, and entertainment facilities.

5. Space Transportation: Space transportation is an emerging mode of transportation in the tourism industry. It includes suborbital flights and space tourism. Space tourism is an innovative and unique form of tourism that allows tourists to travel to space and experience weightlessness and breath-taking views of the earth from space. It is an expensive form of tourism and is only accessible to a limited number of people.

In conclusion, transportation is a crucial component of tourism, and it plays a significant role in facilitating the movement of tourists from one destination to another. Different modes of transportation offer tourists a unique experience of exploring different destinations and taking in the scenic views of the surrounding landscapes. Air, road, rail, water, and space transportation are some of the significant modes of transportation used in the tourism industry, each with its unique features and benefits.

Q2) New Age Travel and Hospitality brands have become world leaders and have redefined the business model for the future. Elaborate with examples.

Ans) The travel and hospitality industry has undergone significant changes in recent years, with new age brands emerging as leaders in the industry. These brands have redefined the business model for the future by focusing on technology, customer experience, sustainability, and personalization. The new age travel and hospitality brands that have become world leaders and have redefined the business model for the future.

1. Airbnb: Airbnb is a peer-to-peer online marketplace that connects travellers with hosts who offer unique accommodation experiences. Airbnb has disrupted the traditional hotel industry by providing travellers with an affordable and personalized alternative to traditional hotels. Airbnb has redefined the business model for the future by leveraging technology to connect hosts and travellers from all over the world, creating a global community of travellers and hosts.

2. Oyo: Oyo is an Indian hospitality company that operates a network of budget hotels and guesthouses. Oyo has redefined the business model for the future by focusing on technology, customer experience, and affordability. Oyo uses technology to standardize the guest experience across all its properties, ensuring that guests receive a consistent and high-quality experience every time they stay at an Oyo property.

3. Uber: Uber is a ride-sharing platform that has revolutionized the transportation industry by providing an alternative to traditional taxis. Uber has redefined the business model for the future by leveraging technology to connect riders with drivers and provide a seamless and personalized experience. Uber has expanded its services to include food delivery, electric bikes, and scooters, and has become a one-stop-shop for all transportation needs.

4. TUI Group: TUI Group is a German multinational travel and tourism company that operates hotels, resorts, airlines, and travel agencies. TUI Group has redefined the business model for the future by focusing on sustainability and responsible tourism. TUI Group has committed to reducing its carbon footprint and promoting sustainable tourism practices, ensuring that the destinations it operates in are preserved for future generations to enjoy.

5. AccorHotels: AccorHotels is a French multinational hospitality company that operates a network of hotels, resorts, and residences. AccorHotels has redefined the business model for the future by focusing on personalization and customer experience. AccorHotels has leveraged technology to provide guests with a personalized experience that meets their individual needs and preferences, creating a loyal customer base that keeps coming back to its properties.

In conclusion, new age travel and hospitality brands have become world leaders and have redefined the business model for the future. These brands have leveraged technology, customer experience, sustainability, and personalization to provide travellers with unique and memorable experiences. Airbnb, Oyo, Uber, TUI Group, and AccorHotels are some of the new age brands that have disrupted the traditional travel and hospitality industry and have become leaders in their respective fields.

Assignment B

Answer the following questions in about 250 words each.

Q3) What are the objectives and activities of the following:

(i) IATO

Ans) The Indian Association of Tour Operators is the national body of tour operators in India. Its primary objective is to promote tourism in India and provide a platform for tour operators to network and exchange information. The IATO represents the interests of its members to the government, tourism industry bodies, and other stakeholders. It aims to maintain ethical and professional standards in the industry by promoting responsible and sustainable tourism practices.

The IATO conducts a range of activities to achieve its objectives. It participates in international and domestic tourism fairs and exhibitions to promote India as a tourist destination. It organizes familiarization trips for tour operators and media to different parts of India to showcase the diverse tourism offerings of the country. The IATO also hosts workshops, seminars, and training programs on various topics related to tourism to promote best practices and address challenges in the industry.

The IATO conducts research and analysis on the tourism industry to provide insights and guidance to its members. It also lobbies the government and other stakeholders to advocate for the interests of its members and the tourism industry. The IATO promotes responsible and sustainable tourism practices through its code of ethics and other initiatives, such as promoting the use of eco-friendly products and supporting local communities.

(ii) TAAI

Ans) The Travel Agents Association of India is the largest organization of travel agents in India. Its primary objective is to promote the interests of the travel agent community in India and support the growth of the tourism industry.

The TAAI conducts a range of activities to achieve its objectives. It provides a platform for travel agents to network and exchange information through its regional and national level meetings. The TAAI also provides educational and training programs for its members to improve their skills and knowledge of the industry. The TAAI represents the interests of its members to the government, tourism industry bodies, and other stakeholders. It lobbies for favourable policies, regulations, and infrastructure development to support the growth of the tourism industry in India. The TAAI also conducts research and analysis on the tourism industry to provide insights and guidance to its members.

The TAAI organizes seminars, conferences, and exhibitions on various topics related to tourism, such as marketing, technology, and product development. It also promotes responsible and sustainable tourism practices through its code of ethics and other initiatives, such as promoting eco-friendly tourism and supporting local communities. The TAAI also provides various services to its members, such as legal advice, representation in case of disputes, and assistance with government regulations and licensing.

Q4) Explain the importance of application of Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things and Big Data in Tourism.

Ans) Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Big Data are emerging technologies that are being applied in the tourism industry to enhance the travel experience for tourists, improve efficiency and productivity for tourism businesses, and provide insights for tourism management.

One of the primary benefits of these technologies is the ability to analyse and interpret large amounts of data in real-time, providing valuable insights for tourism businesses and destinations. AI can be used to analyse customer behaviour, preferences, and feedback, providing personalized recommendations, and enhancing customer experience. IoT can be used to track customer movements and interactions with the environment, providing data for tourism businesses to improve their services and products. Big data can be used to provide valuable insights for tourism management, such as visitor demographics, travel patterns, and popular attractions.

Another benefit of these technologies is increased efficiency and productivity. AI can be used to automate processes, such as booking and reservation systems, reducing the workload for tourism businesses and improving the customer experience. IoT can be used to automate tasks, such as lighting and climate control, improving energy efficiency and reducing costs. Big data can be used to optimize tourism operations, such as transportation routes and hotel occupancy, improving efficiency and reducing waste.

These technologies also have the potential to transform the travel experience for tourists. AI-powered chatbots can provide personalized travel recommendations and support, while virtual reality can provide immersive experiences and assist in trip planning. IoT can provide real-time information about weather, traffic, and local events, enabling tourists to make informed decisions about their travel plans. Big data can be used to develop new tourism products and services, such as adventure tourism or sustainable tourism

Q5) Discuss the various categories/classification of hotels by the Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India.

Ans) The Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, has classified hotels into seven categories based on their facilities, services, and amenities offered to guests. The classification is primarily based on the size of the hotel, the facilities provided, and the level of service offered to guests. The seven categories are as follows:

1.  One-Star Hotel: These hotels are typically small and offer basic facilities such as room service, laundry, and a restaurant. They do not have a bar or conference facilities.

2. Two-Star Hotel: These hotels offer slightly better facilities than one-star hotels, including air conditioning, hot water, and a 24-hour front desk. They may also have a bar and offer limited conference facilities.

3. Three-Star Hotel: These hotels offer more comfortable rooms, better quality furnishings, and additional amenities such as a fitness center and a swimming pool. They may also have conference facilities and a business center.

4. Four-Star Hotel: These hotels offer more luxurious accommodations, a range of restaurants and bars, and additional services such as valet parking, concierge services, and 24-hour room service. They may also have conference facilities and a business center.

5. Five-Star Hotel: These hotels offer the highest level of luxury and comfort, with spacious rooms, high-quality furnishings, and a range of amenities such as a spa, a pool, and a fitness center. They offer a variety of dining options and exceptional service levels. They also have conference and meeting facilities.

6. Heritage Hotels: These hotels are typically located in restored palaces, forts, or havelis, and offer a unique cultural experience for guests. They offer luxurious accommodations with traditional décor and furnishings, along with a range of dining and recreational options.

7. Luxury Hotels: These hotels offer the ultimate in luxury and comfort, with exceptional service, luxurious amenities, and high-end facilities. They typically have large, spacious rooms and suites, top-of-the-line dining options, and a range of recreational facilities, including spas, fitness centres, and swimming pools.

Assignment C

Answer the following questions in about 100 words each.

Q6) Elaborate upon the concept of Legacy Vintage Hotels.

Ans) Legacy Vintage Hotels are hotels that are typically housed in historic buildings or properties that have been restored or renovated to retain their original architectural style and cultural heritage. These hotels offer guests a unique experience by providing a glimpse into the past, while also providing modern amenities and services. The concept of Legacy Vintage Hotels is based on the idea of preserving historic and culturally significant buildings and structures while also catering to the needs and preferences of modern-day travellers. These hotels often feature antique furnishings, traditional décor, and original artwork, which serve to highlight the historical and cultural significance of the property.

Legacy Vintage Hotels often offer a range of amenities and services to cater to the needs of guests, including fine dining restaurants, spa facilities, and other recreational activities. They may also offer personalized services such as guided tours of the local area, transportation services, and concierge services to ensure that guests have a comfortable and memorable stay.

Q7) Write short notes on the following:

(i) Chatbots

Ans) Chatbots are computer programs that use artificial intelligence and natural language processing to communicate with humans through text or voice-based messaging applications. They are designed to simulate human conversations and can be used in a wide range of applications, including customer service, sales, and marketing. Chatbots can be integrated with websites, social media platforms, and messaging apps, allowing businesses to engage with customers and provide them with quick and convenient solutions to their queries. They can handle many customer interactions simultaneously, which can save businesses time and resources. Chatbots are constantly improving, with advancements in natural language processing, machine learning, and other technologies allowing them to provide more personalized and accurate responses. As a result, businesses that implement chatbots can improve their customer satisfaction, reduce response times, and streamline their operations.

(ii) GDS

Ans) A Global Distribution System is a computerized reservation network used as a single point of access for information and bookings for travel agents, corporations, and other entities in the travel industry. It is essentially a database that allows travel agents and other travel providers to access information and make reservations for air travel, hotels, rental cars, and other travel-related services. The major GDS systems are Amadeus, Sabre, and Travelport. These systems are used by travel agents to access real-time information on available flights, hotel rooms, and car rentals, as well as pricing and availability. GDS systems are a crucial tool for the travel industry, as they allow travel providers to distribute their inventory to a wide range of travel agents and other intermediaries. They also provide a single point of access for travel agents, making it easy to compare prices and availability across multiple providers.

Q8) What are the various divisions of IRCTC and highlight the core strengths of the Company.

Ans) IRCTC, or the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation, is a subsidiary of the Indian Railways that manages catering, tourism, and online ticketing services. The various divisions of IRCTC include:

1.  Catering: IRCTC manages catering services on trains and railway stations, as well as at other events and locations.

2. Tourism: IRCTC offers a range of tour packages and travel services, including domestic and international tours, hotel bookings, and car rentals.

3. Online Ticketing: IRCTC provides online ticket booking services for Indian Railways, allowing customers to book and pay for tickets from the convenience of their homes.

4. Rail Neer: IRCTC also produces and sells Rail Neer, a packaged drinking water brand that is sold on trains and at railway stations.

IRCTC's core strengths include its extensive network and infrastructure, its online ticketing platform, and its expertise in catering and tourism services. The company has a strong online presence, with its website and mobile app offering a convenient and user-friendly platform for customers to book tickets and access other services.

Q9) Discuss the functions of the following organisations:

(i) UNWTO

Ans) The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the leading international organization in the field of tourism, responsible for promoting sustainable and responsible tourism practices worldwide. Its functions include:

1. Policy Development: The UNWTO develops policies and guidelines for the tourism industry, including sustainable tourism practices, cultural tourism, and tourism marketing strategies.

2. Research and Analysis: The UNWTO conducts research and analysis on global tourism trends and provides data and statistics to inform tourism policy and decision-making.

3. Capacity Building: The UNWTO provides technical assistance and training to member countries to build their capacity in tourism planning, management, and development.

4. Promotion and Marketing: The UNWTO promotes responsible and sustainable tourism practices and provides a platform for member countries to showcase their tourism offerings and attract visitors.

5. Advocacy: The UNWTO advocates for the role of tourism in achieving sustainable development goals and works to raise awareness of the economic, social, and cultural benefits of responsible tourism practices.

6. Collaboration: The UNWTO fosters collaboration among member countries and works with other international organizations, governments, and stakeholders to promote sustainable tourism practices and facilitate tourism development.

(ii) IATA

Ans) The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is a trade association of the world's airlines, which was founded in 1945. It represents the interests of airlines, including safety, security, efficiency, and sustainability. Some of the key functions of IATA include: 

1. Safety: IATA is committed to improving safety in the aviation industry. It provides safety audit programs, safety management systems, and safety data analysis to help airlines maintain the highest safety standards.

2. Security: IATA works closely with governments and industry stakeholders to develop and implement security measures to protect passengers, crew, and aircraft.

3. Standards: IATA develops and maintains industry standards for processes and procedures, such as baggage handling, cargo operations, and ticketing, to promote consistency and efficiency.

4. Training: IATA provides training programs for airline employees, such as pilots, cabin crew, and ground staff, to improve their skills and knowledge in the industry.

5. Advocacy: IATA represents the interests of airlines at international and regional levels, advocating for policies and regulations that support the industry's growth and sustainability.

6. Industry Statistics and Analysis: IATA collects and publishes data on airline performance, such as passenger traffic, cargo volume, and financial performance, to provide industry stakeholders with insights into the trends and challenges facing the industry.

Q10) Discuss the initiatives taken by the Ministry of Tourism in context of:

(i) NIDHI Scheme

Ans) The National Initiative for Developing and Harnessing Innovations (NIDHI) is an initiative launched by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, with the aim of supporting tourism startups, entrepreneurs, and researchers in developing innovative ideas to enhance the tourism industry in India. The following are some of the key initiatives taken by the Ministry of Tourism under the NIDHI scheme:

1. NIDHI Accelerator: The NIDHI accelerator is an incubation program that offers financial support, mentoring, and networking opportunities to tourism startups.

2. Hackathon for Tourism Startups: The Ministry of Tourism has organized a hackathon for tourism startups, inviting them to submit innovative solutions for tourism industry challenges.

3. National Tourism Startup Summit: The Ministry of Tourism has organized a National Tourism Startup Summit, providing startups with a platform to showcase their innovative ideas and connect with investors and mentors.

4. Financial Support: The Ministry of Tourism offers financial support to tourism startups and researchers through grants and seed funding programs, helping to fund the development, and testing of innovative ideas.

5. Networking and Mentoring: The Ministry of Tourism provides networking opportunities and mentoring to startups and entrepreneurs, connecting them with industry experts and providing guidance on business development and growth.

(ii) SATHI Initiative

Ans) The Ministry of Tourism in India has launched the SATHI (System for Assessment, Awareness and Training for Hospitality Industry) initiative to enhance the quality of tourism services and facilities across the country. The initiative aims to create a sustainable and responsible tourism ecosystem in India, which can benefit both the tourists and the local communities. Here are some of the key initiatives taken by the Ministry of Tourism in the context of the SATHI initiative:

1. Assessment: The SATHI initiative provides a comprehensive assessment framework to evaluate the quality of tourism services and facilities in various destinations across the country. The assessment is carried out by a team of trained assessors who evaluate the tourism facilities and services based on several parameters such as cleanliness, hygiene, safety, and security.

2. Awareness: The Ministry of Tourism has launched several awareness campaigns to sensitize tourism stakeholders about the importance of sustainable tourism practices. These campaigns aim to create a sense of responsibility and accountability among tourism service providers and encourage them to adopt sustainable tourism practices.

3. Training: The SATHI initiative provides training programs to tourism stakeholders to upgrade their skills and knowledge about sustainable tourism practices. These training programs include modules on responsible tourism, waste management, energy conservation, and water management.

4. Capacity Building: The Ministry of Tourism is also focusing on capacity building initiatives to strengthen the tourism infrastructure across the country. This includes developing new tourism destinations, enhancing existing tourism infrastructure, and improving the quality of tourism services and facilities.

5. Collaboration: The SATHI initiative aims to create a collaborative ecosystem by bringing together tourism stakeholders, local communities, and government agencies. This collaboration is essential to ensure the sustainable and responsible development of tourism in the country.